Gothic Revival

The Gothic Revival was an architectural movement that eas emerged in England, in mid 18th centuries and it was actually a reaction to the Classical Revival. In the 19th century neo-Gothic styles strated to appear, and medieval forms revived. The Some people saw the movement not only in structural terms, but  also in religious or spiritual terms, as well. The movement was paralled and supported by medievalism, that had its roots in antiquarium. This is why the Gothic Revival is very concerned with survivals. By the  way, the movement has affected and influenced the United Kingdom, Europe and North America.

By the mid 19th century the movement started to concern not only the architecture but visual communication design, too, because for example, Gothic ornaments and niches appeared in wallpapers and gothic blind arcading could decorate even ceramic pitchers. The Great Exhibition of 1851's catalogue was illustrated with gothic details, from lacemaking and heavy machinery to carpet designs.


Wall papers, which are from the movement of the Gothic Revival:

Royal Courts of Justice. Last major Gothic Revival building in London. 

Example of a Gothic Revival Architecture : The Royal Courts of Justice.

The Victorian Era

The Victorian era appeared in Great Britain during the Industrial Revolution, also during the apex of the British Empire. Queen Victoria of England inpired this era, which is characterized by strong, moral and religious beliefs, opptimism and propriety. So the era was full of pression. To illustraste it, even sayin "leg" was inappropriate, so they used it as "limb". This is why the Victorian period is still a byword for sexual repression.

When it comes to the visual communication design, graphic designers reflected their beliefs. And their designs were ornated with elaborate borders and lettering, which were complex. Themes were usually romantic and they used children and pets a lot in their works. Chromolithography became popularized by Louis Prang, because he printed millions of cards, called scrap.

Women's fashion and clothing was reflecting the eras ideas, because they covered all of the body and with the use of corset and a lot of fabrics made the body shape look a bit exaggerated.